Seminar presentation on a new drought index that considers the joint effects of climate and land surface change liu, m. Spi and the streamflow drought index sdi were used. Pdsi is the most widespread and scientifically vetted drought index in use today. In this study, we proposed a hydrological drought index, which uses improved. The framework of the package for drought monitoring, prediction and analysis. The pdsi was designed to characterize longterm drought i. Using the monthly streamflow data at 47 stations from 1972 to 2011, the streamflow drought index sdi series with 3 sdi3, 6 sdi6, and 12month sdi12 time scales were calculated, and. Standardized streamflow index, streamflow drought index, drought. Drought is a natural disaster, which has significant and widespread impacts especially on people and many economical sectors, and its severity and frequency are increasing due to the global warming. Streamflow drought index modelling through standard.
Animations of any set of monthly maps for any period desired can be viewed by selecting the. The climate index, along with the soil loss index and the drought index, each of which is linked to a specific process to do with degradation, have a direct relationship to water resources and are combined into a single index the sum of the three indices, which, by means of a geographical information system gis serves to map desertification. South florida water management district water shortage watch. Analyses analyses revealed that the basin suffe red from a range of moderate to extreme droughts during. Padi palfai drought index indicates strength of drought for one agricultural year with one data proportional with crop decrease uses results of. Well supply the latest news on crop and livestock farming, live. It is calculated by dividing actual precipitation by normal precipitation typically a 30year mean and multiplying it by 100% for. I havent tried it yet but sdi is an index mentioned in the software overview as one of those available. Kbdi keetchbyram drought index calculator helps in determining the kbdi on a daily basis. The iri has worked in collaboration with the noaa climate prediction center cpc and the university of maine to develop a tool that provides probabilistic forecasts of future standardized precipitation index spi as an indicator of drought for various accumulation periods for the globe. Aug 04, 2017 based on the palmer drought index, severe to extreme drought affected about 4 percent of the contiguous united states as of the end of july 2017, an increase of about 3 percent from last month.
Streamflow and hydrological drought trend analysis and. A 40year analysis of the hydrological drought index for. The maps below are based on station data for mexico and on climate division data for the contiguous u. Development of south asia drought monitoring system. Since 2000, the longest duration of drought d1d4 in south dakota lasted 349 weeks beginning on december 4, 2001 and ending on august 5, 2008. Palmer drought severity index pdsi ncar climate data guide. This index is relatively new, however, and thus too shortlived to be used for assessing longterm climate trends or exploring how recent observations compare with historical patterns. Jan, 2015 the palmer drought severity index pdsi and crop moisture index cmi are indices of the relative dryness or wetness affecting water sensitive economies. Development of the drought calculator dc has been a collaborative process involving usda agricultural research service in fort collins, colorado, usda natural resources conservation service and ndsu central grasslands research extension center. A copy of the accepted version of the manuscript is available for download here. Monthly maps of drought conditions in the contiguous u. Apr 11, 2012 the keetchbyram drought index kbdi measures the amount of precipitation necessary to return the soil to full saturation.
It is then possible to define the start, the end, the total duration and the deficit volume of drought events, and various drought indices or statistics can be derived. Drought assessment and forecasting using a nonlinear. The calibration period for the spei is january 1950 to december 2010. Standardized drought indices sdi is commonly used method. Standard precipitation index drought forecasting using neural networks, wavelet neural networks, and support vector regression. Using the monthly streamflow data at 47 stations from 1972 to 2011, the streamflow drought index sdi series with 3 sdi 3, 6 sdi 6, and 12month. The tools page links to interactive sites where you can customize information to meet your needs. It is an alternative to the more complicated physically based palmer severe drought index psdi which uses a simple water balance model. Drought is a natural disaster that occurs globally when water availability is significantly below normal levels. Agriculture is an important economic sector in guangdong province of china, where precipitation distributes unevenly in both spatial and temporal dimensions.
Funding was provided by the usda risk management agency. Understanding the 0800 keetchbyram drought index kbdi. The new zealand drought monitor is a system for keeping track of drought conditions across new zealand based on a standardised climate index. Sdi abbreviation stands for streamflow drought index.
The palmer drought severity index pdsi uses readily available temperature and precipitation data to estimate relative dryness. Using the monthly streamflow data at 47 stations from 1972 to 2011, the streamflow drought index sdi series with 3 sdi 3, 6 sdi 6, and 12month sdi 12 time scales were calculated, and. Comparison of two hydrological drought indices sciencedirect. Fire managers and personel have a big responsibility in determining fire conditions on a day to day basis. Values of 12month sri and sdi show the moderate drought between 1986 to 1988 and from 2001 to 2005. It outputs spi data and, optionally, frequency and drought period. Streamflow drought index sdi integrated drought management. Hydrological drought assessment in northwestern iran based on. The data is provided in graphical and tabular formats, for the contiguous united states.
More than 60% of annual rainfall drops in the short period from june to august, leading to frequent occurrence of. Florida forest service weather keetch byram drought index. Monitoring of meteorological and hydrological droughts in the. Note here the standardized precipitation index spi is used as the example of the drought index in the univariate case. Keetch and byram 1968 designed a drought index specifically for fire potential assessment.
To characterize hydrological drought nalbantis and tsakiris 2009 developed sdi by considering monthly stream flow value q ij, where i is hydrological year and j is months with in the hydrological year, then v i k. Hydrological drought assessment in northwestern iran based. It is a closed system ranging from 0 to 800 units and represents a. Base flow index, drought indices are based on defining a threshold below which the flow or groundwater is regarded as being in a drought situation.
New zealand drought monitor the index, called the new zealand drought index nzdi, is a climate databased indicator of drought based on four commonlyused climatological drought indicators. Streamflow drought index modelling through standard precipitation. Prism palmer drought severity index western us download prism palmer drought severity index netcdf data for united states download prism palmer drought severity index geotiff data for united states how to cite. The keetchbyram drought index kbdi is a continuous reference scale for estimating the dryness of the soil and duff layers. The palmer z index measures shortterm drought on a monthly scale. Agweb is the farmers source for agriculture news online.
Another standardizing approach, the streamflow deficit index sdi, was. Indices for characterising hydrological drought are, in general, data. Since both the indices use same data of same period, it is necessary to compare the shortterm and longterm behaviour of sri and sdi. Pdf drought analysis based on standardized precipitation. Some links may appear in more than one topic, such as soil moisture, vegetation and agriculture. In this video, i have clearly shown the steps required to calculate reconnaissance drought index rdi, streamflow drought index sdi and standardized precipitation index spi drought indices. The streamflow drought index sdi successfully captures the hydrological drought conditions over the island, and the performance of the index is validated based on both the historic drought archives and results from other drought indices for the island. F d d and f s s are marginal distributions of duration and severity, respectively. Percent of normal is a simple method to detect drought. The spi is well known and widely used index quantifies wet and that dry periods in a given area.
Palmer drought severity index pdsi ncar climate data. Analysis of meteorological and hydrological drought based in spi. Drought indices are typically used to assess drought severity in a meaningful way. Using integrated meteorological and hydrological indices to assess. In 2009, the world meteorological organization wmo approved the lincoln declaration on drought indices lddi. The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. Precipitationbased drought indices including the spi rely on two assumptions. Rdist standardized reconnaissance drought index and sdi streamflow. Similarly to the spi, which is a probability index based only on precipitation, recently. The range of the index is determined by assuming that there is 8 inches of moisture in a saturated soil that is readily available to the vegetation.
I, shishutosh barua, declare that the phd thesis entitled drought assessment and forecasting using a nonlinear aggregated drought index is no more than 100,000 words in length including quotes and exclusive of tables, figures, appendices, bibliography, references and footnotes. Accurate computation of a streamflow drought index. Drought indices spi different time scales reflect the impact of drought on the availability of the different water resources mckee et al. The palmer drought index, sometimes called the palmer drought severity index and often abbreviated pdsi, is a measurement of dryness based on recent precipitation and temperature.
Click on a topic on the grid below to find maps, data and links to information about that category. The most intense period of drought occurred the week of october 9, 2012 where d4 affected 32. Drought assessment is important for water resource planning, and therefore indexes can be used to characterize drought magnitudes. The spei global drought monitor offers near realtime information about drought conditions at the global scale, with a 1 degree spatial resolution and a monthly time resolution. It also represents other drought indices computed in the similar way as spi. Drought monitoring index for texas texas water development board. Download drinc software drought indices calculator. Drought analysis based on standardized precipitation index spi and streamflow drought index sdi in chenar rahdar river basin, southern iran. Drought monitor figure 2 offers a closer look at the percentage of the country that is affected by drought. For example, calculation of the standardized precipitation index spi. It is a number representing the net effect of evapotranspiration and precipitation in producing cumulative moisture deficiency in deep duff and upper soil layers. With an output similar to that of spi, both wet and dry periods can be investigated, as well as the severity of these.
Annual characterization of regional hydrological drought using. The application reads in precipitation data and supports different time scales and data types weekly, monthly. Keetch and george bryam designed a drought index specifically for fire potential assessment. The spi and the sdi are the simplest drought indicators to obtain, in respect to data type and availability. Developed by nalbantis and tsakiris using the methodology and calculations of spi as the basis for their work.
Drought july 2017 state of the climate national centers. The keetchbyram drought index kbdi is a numerical value re. There is a linear relationship exists between normalized flow value and sdi, whereas sri values are more scattered w. The software should be freeware and you can download it. Spi, as a climatological index, and sdi, as a hydrologic drought index. Drought characterisation based on an agricultureoriented standardised precipitation index. The spi generator application serves to generate spi standard precipitation index data and illustrate how to interact with the spi dll dynamically linked library. Two indices are taken as hydrological drought indices.
For additional information on water restrictions, area residents are encouraged to call the sfwmds tollfree water shortage hotline at 18006628876 or contact their regional sfwmd service center. An integrated package for drought monitoring, prediction. Pca is a linear transformation which reduces redundancy by translating andor rotating the axes of the original feature space, so that the drought information can be represented without correlation in a new component space lasaponara. Forecasting spei and spi drought indices using the integrated. Because drought is cumulative, the formula takes precipitation and temperature data from previous weeks and months into account. Zhang 2017 shyam mohan chaudhary 17ag62r land and water resources engineering agricultural and food engineering department iit kharagpur. More than 60% of annual rainfall drops in the short period from june to august, leading to frequent occurrence of agro drought in other months of the year. Remote sensing of agrodroughts in guangdong province of. Uses monthly streamflow values and the methods of normalization associated with spi for developing a drought index based upon streamflow data. A selection of these data are available for download in gisready formats from the drought. On the contrary, the proposed index sdi keeps the advantages of simplicity and effectiveness found in indices of meteorological droughts such as the. How to calculate streamflow drought index, please suggest any best. Palfai drought index padi easy method to analyze drought. This work focused on the hydrologic drought defined by the streamflow drought index sdi for overlapping periods of 3, 6, 9 and 12 months at 14 hydrometric stations in the northwest of iran over the period 19752009.
Percent of normal is effective in single region or season. Stay informed with daily content from across farm journals properties. Pdf hydrological drought assessment in northwestern iran. May 02, 2019 based on the vector of monthly variables, the standardized drought index is computed. An integrated package for drought monitoring, prediction and. Developed by nalbantis and tsakiris using the methodology and. Gsdi 1, sdi 2, is the joint distribution of drought indices. Dec 30, 2015 where di f is a network output, that is, drought index forecast for a given time interval, x i is network input for input layer neuron i normalized on the interval 0,1, n in is the number of mlp inputs, v ji hd is the weight of the connection between input i and hidden layer neuron j, f is the activation function for all hidden layer neurons, n hd is the number of hidden neurons, v j out. Evaluation of a hydrological drought index semantic scholar. Supplies web services for interoperability jaxrs and geoprocessing functions for creating indices vci, vhi, tci, spi, etc. A 40year analysis of the hydrological drought index for the. A very simple and effective index, the streamflow drought index sdi, has been recently. For north american and global data, go to the north american drought portal or the global drought portal.
It is a continuous index, relating to the flammability of organic material in the ground. Oct 17, 2012 drought is a natural and worldwide phenomenon that occurs when water availability is significantly below normal levels during a significant period of time and cannot meet demand. It was developed by meteorologist wayne palmer, who first published his method in the 1965 paper meteorological drought 2 for the office of climatology of the u. Global integrated drought monitoring and prediction system. How to calculate rdi, sdi and spi drought indices using. But, the problem is that drought does not have a linear relation with ndvi, lst and trmm anomalies in different season and regions, and there is always a correlation between them in some case. Sep 25, 2014 drought is a complex phenomenon which can be characterised mainly by its severity, duration and areal extent.
The five drought impact levels used in the combined drought indicator cdi. The kbdi is expressed as a scale from 0200, where the number represents the amounts of rainfall in millimetres to return the soil to saturation. Drought analysis under climate change by application of. Drought is a natural and worldwide phenomenon that occurs when water availability is significantly below normal levels during a significant period of time and cannot meet demand. Canada is not included on the palmer maps because the applicability of the palmer index to high polar latitudes is still being evaluated.
Drought analysis based on standardized precipitation index. The standardized precipitation index spi is a probability ie. Accurate computation of a streamflow drought index request pdf. Forecasting spei and spi drought indices using the. Palmer drought indices north american drought portal.
Spei, the standardised precipitationevapotranspiration index. Spei timescales between 1 and 48 months are provided. Among these three dimensions, drought severity is the key factor which can be used for drought analysis. The global integrated drought monitoring and prediction system gidmaps is a drought monitoring and prediction system that provides near realtime drought information based on multiple drought indicators and input data sets. Therefore, sdi, a synthesized drought index was proposed through principal component analysis pca method.
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